The Behavior Of Humans Demonstrates That They Are The Most Intelligent Species Essay Sample free essay sample

Preferable linguistic communication manner: English ( U. K. ) . Explore the subject `using behavioural examples` from the carnal land to warrant your sentiment. Show your thesis and development in the signifier of an 800 word essay that includes at least eight ( 8 ) direct quotation marks. from a assortment of beginnings. Note that your sentiment must be supported by relevant grounds gathered through research. Human existences have evolved from the Chimpanzee species about 5 million old ages ago. Man may hold much inferior physical capablenesss to several animate beings including carnivores. but there have been cases in which human intelligence have been able to outpace the physical capablenesss of several animate beings. and in this manner survive for longer periods on Earth. Ian Tattershall feels that intelligence has been able to divide adult male from other primate species including Pan troglodytes. Surveies have demonstrated that worlds have possessed superior intelligence since about 40. 000 to 10. 000 old ages ago ( as they were capable to building shelters and were able to utilize tools ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Behavior Of Humans Demonstrates That They Are The Most Intelligent Species Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Harmonizing to the New Scientist traits. worlds have 6 alone traits that may non be present to such edification in animate beings. These include civilization. head reading. tool usage. morality. emotions and personality. harmonizing to Kate Douglas. To a certain extent animate beings do hold all these 6 unique traits. Human societies have developed complex civilization constructions. which are besides present in animate beings to a simple extent. Harmonizing to Douglas â€Å"Killer giants. for illustration. fall into two distinguishable groups. occupants and transients† . Worlds are capable of head reading and this is due to the complex cognitive constructions present. Douglas considers â€Å"Experiments in the 1990s indicated that great apes and some monkeys do understand misrepresentation. but that their apprehension of the heads of others is likely inexplicit instead than explicit as it is in grownup worlds. † Humans are capable of making and utilizing complex tools. To a certain extent such tools can be created by other animate beings – â€Å"Some Pan troglodytess use stones to check nuts. others fish for white ants with blades of grass and a gorilla has been seen estimating the deepness of H2O with the equivalent of a dipstick†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However. none of these animate beings can do and make tools in such an advanced mode as human existences. Worlds have a in deepness thought processes traveling on and are able to understand the significance of life. To certain extent certain intelligent animate beings are able to understand ethical and moral issues. Douglas says â€Å"A authoritative survey in 1964 found that hungry Macaca mulatta monkeys would non take nutrient they had been offered if making so intend that another monkey received an electric daze. † However. the moral criterions demonstrated by human existences is more consistent than those in monkeys as they are able to understand issues better due to the cognitive high quality. Even the emotional quotient possessed by human existences is much higher than any other animate being. Douglas says â€Å"funeral rites performed by magpies suggests heartache. † However. the emotions exhibited by human existences are really much composite. With respects to p ersonality. Douglas considers – â€Å"It’s no surprise that animals that unrecorded under changeless menace from marauders are extra-cautious. while those that face fewer hazards appear to be more reckless† . However. the human personality is non merely intend to supply endurance. but besides to assist in societal. economic and calling development. The human head is so complex that endurance is merely a basic issue ( Kate Douglas. 2008 ) . These cases go on to demo that the advanced intelligence possessed by worlds is non present in animate beings and the simple degree of intelligence possessed by animate beings is the get downing point from which adult male developed. This would assist to analyze the procedure by which adult male has evolved from animate beings ( Kate Douglas. 2008 ) . BF Skinner. did a batch of research in measuring the behavior with dealingss to animate beings. He said that â€Å"Even if some new proficient find were to enable us to put up or alter the 2nd nexus straight. we should still hold to cover with those tremendous countries in which human behavior is controlled through use of the first nexus. † In this instance. animate beings normally felt thirsty following physiological want of H2O. However. homo could show behaviors by which this impulse for thirst could be controlled. This sort of control was normally non exhibited in animate beings. and was due to human intelligence ( BF Skinner. 2005 ) . Harmonizing to Gary Stanley Becker ( 1976 ) . he finds that â€Å"the bosom of my statement is that human behavior is non compartmentalized. sometimes based on maximising. sometimes non. sometimes motivated by stable penchants. sometimes by volatile ones†¦ . † . Human behavior and actions are often made based on several elements of knowledge including judgement. memory. perceptual experience. intelligence. consciousness. thought. concluding. etc. This advanced degree of knowledge is non present in animate beings. as their encephalon construction and map are comparatively simpler and less complicated compared to the human encephalon ( Gary Stanley Becker. 1976 ) . In the site â€Å"Beyond Vegetarianism† . the differences between human intelligence and carnal intelligence is demonstrated â€Å"All our troubles. every bit good as all our possibilities have come about because the sapient encephalon overrode the last restraints. so the directivity. that replete gives to animate beings. In the carnal universe. intelligence is guided by inherent aptitude to accomplish distinct endurance needs† . On the other manus human behavior has been able to command certain inherent aptitudes. and have able to show intelligence. This intelligence has permitted adult male non merely to see endurance. but much more than that endurance. Worlds have a encephalon which is much more complex than animate being encephalon. Man is able to command. usher and modify behavior utilizing knowledge and intelligence ( Beyond Vegetarianism. 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Matt â€Å"People are ever inquiring. â€Å"What’s the most intelligent animate being? † When I foremost started my surveies. I was trusting to turn out. or at least happen some grounds proposing. that it might non be a human. But now I am reasonably positive that worlds are the most intelligent†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However. human behavior is much more advanced that any animate being. Matt has considered several animate beings to be in the figure two place with the sum of intelligence. These include: â€Å"*The great apes. likely a Chimpanzee or Bonobo. with Orang-utan stopping point behind ; Asiatic and African Elephants are near ; Large toothed blowers. likely Orca. Beluga. or Bottlenose mahimahi. . † The intelligence of these animate beings can non be compared to that of worlds ( Matt. 2006 ) . Worlds frequently find those animate beings attractive that can larn behavior. â€Å"Interestingly. when pets behave good people are likely to recognition this to their preparation methods. However. when their pets â€Å"misbehave. † people frequently blame the animal†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Humans and animate beings frequently portion similar traits and features. However. in worlds. the extent of certain features is much more compared to animate beings frequently taking to progress behavior. Pets and other animate beings would execute certain behaviors for the interest of endurance. Some of them may be built-in and some of them may be learned. These include hibernation. migration. etc. The capacity to memorize past events is besides much less advanced in animate beings. Man can retrieve things good from the yesteryear. However. this feature is non present in to such a high extent in animate beings. This has boosted the intelligence degrees and the ability to do opinions in adult male. Surveies have besides shown environmental alterations. acquisition and past experiences can modify future behavior and this ability to modify behavior is affected by similar factors in adult male ( AAS. 2008 ) . Through these cases in comparing to animate beings. it has clearly been found that human head is far more complex than any other animate being and has the most intelligence. This has made human believe much more than mere endurance. A human being would believe much beyond mere fulfillment of their basic demands. Human intelligence is such that it would non be satisfied with what we have. We think of acquiring more and more. including the unattainable. On the other manus. it may be found that animate beings are satisfied with mere endurance and run intoing with their basic demands. Mentions: B. F. Skinner. â€Å"Science and Human Behavior† . The B. F. Skinner Foundation. 2005. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bfskinner. org/f/Science_and_Human_Behavior. pdf Beyond Vegetarianism. â€Å"Instinct vs. Intelligence in Diet: Where is the Line? † 2008. Beyond Vegetarianism. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. beyondveg. com/billings-t/comp-anat/comp-anat-8f. shtml Epionions. â€Å"The Study of the Evolution of Human Intelligence. † 23 Jan 2003. Epionions. 31 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. epinions. com/content_3079643268 Gary Stanley Becker. The Economic Approach of Human Behavior. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1976. Kate Douglas. â€Å"Six ‘uniquely’ human traits now found in animate beings. † New Scientist. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. newscientist. com/channel/being-human/dn13860-six-uniquely-human-traits-now-found-in-animals- . html? feedId=online-news_rss20 Matt. † The most intelligent animate being? † 2006. Tribe. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //tribes. folk. net/animalintelligence/thread/59bf4979-cc60-4ef9-9a4e-206b9793b8c0 Science Net Links. â€Å"Pets: Oh Behave. † AAS. 2008. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sciencenetlinks. com/lessons. cfm? BenchmarkID=6 A ; DocID=288 Verlyn Klinkenborg. â€Å"What Do Animals Think? † 5 Jan 2005. Discover Magazine. 25 May 2008. hypertext transfer protocol: //discovermagazine. com/2005/may/what-do-animals-think

Essay on Rationalism vs Puritanism Essays

Essay on Rationalism vs Puritanism Essays Essay on Rationalism vs Puritanism Paper Essay on Rationalism vs Puritanism Paper Comparing Rationalism and Puritanism Essay Rationalism vs Puritanism Rationalism. A form of religion where instead of believing in a higher been, Science and reasoning are what is lived by. Being able to prove and identify things in life that make rational sense is what is used instead of worshipping some form of God. The very opposite goes for Puritanism. Worshipping a higher been that made the earth and the universe and everything in it including yourself is whats considered to be the religion of the puritans. Both sides see completely different perspectives in life and each group lives in different ways according to their beliefs. Rationalists, believing in science and reason over belief in a higher been, think that people should live their life by science. If youre able to prove that something exists or doesnt, then you should live by what the facts say. If something is beyond the realm of human reason, it is not to be believed. While the Puritans believed that everyone had a pre-destined faith, Rationalists believed in no such thing. They lived off of a pure basis that from when you are born until you die, live by reason and what is real and proven instead of ideas and concepts that are only believed and worshipped. Based on the Puritan belief that in your lifetime you should have more good deeds then sins and that your sins should be forgiven in order for you to go to heaven (5 + (-5) + good deeds (less then or equal to)0), Rationalists believed in a balance that didnt involve having to have good deeds or forgive sins because they did not believe in heaven or hell or sins (-1 + 1 = 0). Puritans believed that you should live life strictly from the bible. Living by the ways of the 10 commandments and believing and worshipping god while not commiting sins and living life with purity will enable you to go to heaven on Judgement Day. Not living your life by the bible and/or commiting sins that were not forgiven meant to the Puritans that you were living your life the wrong way and that you would eventually end up in hell. In the passage Upon Burning of the House, even though the girls house was burned down, She knew that she must keep living by the ways of god and believed that God wouldnt have done this to her if it were not for some reason that she deserved. Knowing this, she doesnt question the burning of her house any further and realizes that it was Gods plan and his decision and being an ideal Puritan, keeps living her life praising God.

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 7

Management - Essay Example Traditionally Management was considered a process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business, by deploying and manipulating resources. It was also defined as a process of getting things done through people. (Dabbah, R. 1999 p,15). The old traditional ways of managing are not applicable now. The old management practice was established on the assumption of human limitations as a basis for organizing. This assumption is so pervasive that it can be found in almost every aspect of conventional managing. Consequently it over-bureaucratized organizations. (Dabbah, R. (1999 p.15) In the new knowledge-driven economy, people have become organization’s most important asset. Well-trained and motivated people play important role in the development and execution of strategies. A Company needs people who can deliver. (Dabbah, R. (1999 p.16) Literature Review Contemporary management theories help to understand the changing nature of today’s organizational environments. These theories emphasize following points Managers should make a decision keeping in view all aspects of the current situation and act on those aspects that are key to the situation at hand. While managing organization look at all the resources such as raw materials, money, technologies and people. All these resources may be mobilized and utilized to achieve desired objectives. Management is not limited to business management only. Management is the specific and distinguishing organ of all organizations. The task of the manager is to lead people. And the goal is to make productive and specific strengths and knowledge of each individual. (Harris, P., Lock, A., & Rees, P. (Eds.). (2000)) Organizational Structure Organizational structure provides the basic template for the continuance of an organization's culture; i.e., norms, values, philosophies, and informal activities. Organizational culture provides both the organization and its members insight into "how things are done around here" If the current organizational design is "wrong" for the change, then either the desired change should be modified or the organizational structure should be redefined. Successful organizational change depends on more than simple cosmetic or surface changes; it requires changes at the core of the organization. Management's responsibility within an organization is to continually carry out three management functions: 1) planning; 2) controlling; and 3) organizing. Planning involves defining organizational objectives and developing the methods and resources by which they will be accomplished. Controlling is the process of developing, implementing and using feedback systems that provide continuous information on the success of all system elements that have been put in place in order to achieve the organizational goals. Organizing is the activity of designing and deciding upon the most appropriate organizational structure for achieving the organization's goals. Management of a Maritime Organization A maritime organization for example shipping company should have to operate in, and be responsible to, a number of different external environments. Let us take example of a leading international shipping company and analyze the proposition in given in above statement

IB Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IB - Assignment Example The other marketing strategy are franchising, licensing and other mode of entries. It is important for the retail business, opening stores abroad retail business cannot succeed. The price of the product, the promotion strategy, store design and customer service of an international retail business should be appropriate for business to prosper. A company needs to look into many factors like political, environmental, social and technological when entering a international market. In an international business the governmental policies, weather condition, the needs and demands of people from various culture and technological influence affect the success of the business. Other factors like pricing and promotion strategy and customer service also affect the business promotion on an international platform. The company has to analyze the marketing strategy by taking into account ins strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats. In such a case this garment company will be able to enter the international business in a successful way. E-tailing is a business operation of retailing which occur with the help of internet. It has been introduced in the 20th century and is a business to consumer transaction. According to Rouse (2005)â€Å"E-tailing began to work for some major corporations and smaller entrepreneurs as early as 1997 when Dell Computer reported multimillion dollar orders taken at its Web site†. In e- tailing the online catalogues and business management is done with the help of software tools. This new technological retailing is the new trend in Western countries. In this type of retailing, the consumer interacts with virtual shops to purchase their services and products. In this system, the customer can pay online acquire products by courier and shipping service. Since a decade there had been a hike in E- tailing in western countries however it is still in an infancy stage. Across the world,

Pharmacological Effects of Antibiotics in Management of Sinusitis and Research Paper

Pharmacological Effects of Antibiotics in Management of Sinusitis and the Nursing Implications - Research Paper Example Before making a final diagnosis, allergy testing is important since allergic rhinitis presents with the same symptoms of sinusitis. It is essential to look at the overall presentation of the patient’s history as well as the physical findings in order to make the diagnosis of uncomplicated sinusitis. When selecting an antibiotic regimen for sinusitis, it is crucial to consider drugs safety, their costs and the local patterns of bacteria resistance in order to maximize the therapy and avoid drug resistance. Antimicrobial regimens discussed below are for the uncomplicated cases, and the patients have been assumed that they do not have any orbital or intracranial complications with a normal immune system. For the complicated cases, they require broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics in order to take full control of the pathogens. The paper discusses on the pharmacological effects of antibiotics in the management of sinusitis and the nursing implications. It discusses on all classe s of drugs used for sinusitis management i.e. penicillin’s (Augmentin, Amoxil), cephalosporin’s (cefuroxime), fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin) and clindamycin. Patients all suffering from complicated sinusitis and do not respond to therapy because of drug resistance or other factors should be referred to an otorhinolaryngologist or an infectious disease specialist to guide for continued therapy (Dixon & O’Leary, 2012). The principal pathogens for sinusitis are bacteria agents referred to as respiratory pathogens. Other potential disease-causing organisms include Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and anaerobic bacteria’s such as bacteroids. Anaerobic bacteria’s are likely to be seen in dental diseases resulting from the extension of infections from the roots of the molar teeth to the sinuses. The first-line antibiotics for treatment include

Red Mud and Pet Coke Physical Properties

Red Mud and Pet Coke Physical Properties 1.1 INTRODUCTION: India is witnessing construction of very interesting projects in all sectors of Infrastructure. Most of the structures are in structural concrete. In Present condition India is the second largest producer of cement in the world behind china. The construction practices are rapidly innovating throughout the world. The pace of infrastructure developments in India requires adoption of new technologies. The country consumed around 238 million metric tons of concrete in previous years. Indias concrete production is calculated to amount to just over 400 million metric tons by 2017. Concrete is the most widely used man-made construction material in the world. The popularity of concrete is due to the fact that from the common ingredients, the properties of concrete are tailored to meet the demand of any particular application. Now-a-days massive construction leads to scarcity of natural resources. It is a big problem emerging in field of construction because of their wide use shortage is happening. Due to this good sand is not available easily. Natural resources are also exhausting very rapidly because of its limited supply, the cost of Natural River sand has sky rocketed and its consistent supply cannot be guaranteed. So, now it is time to find some substitute to natural river sand. Hence, it is mandatory either to quest for another material or partly replace it by some other material. The expense of development moreover gets heightened further more leaving the waste materials to the environment straight forwardly can bring about natural issue. Henceforth the reuse of waste material has been emphasized. There is a growing awareness regarding extensive damage being caused to the environment due to accumulation of waste materials from power houses, industrial plants, colliery pits, demolition sites and it has become one of the major environmental and social issues. Waste materials coming out of industry nowadays is posing a great environmental problem in disposing them into the water, air and on the land. These waste materials can partly be used to produce materials suitable as fine aggregates or fillers in concrete. Use of waste products is not only a partial solution to environmental. Some wastes can significantly improve the properties, matrix and microstructure of concrete. The output of these waste materials in India is more than the production of cement and other construction materials used in all the civil engineering activities. So, the use of waste materials is not only to make the cement concrete less expensive, but to provide a blend of tailored properties of waste material s and OPC suitable for specified purpose. The waste materials which can be found in bulk are commonly known as blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fumes, solid waste, plastic wastes, Red mud, Pet coke, etc. Partial replacement of Portland cement and sand with waste materials like blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fumes, Red mud, pet coke, etc. will be a great help in reducing environmental pollution and also in reduction in manufacturing of cement and also minimize the use of natural materials that required for the construction activities. This research work outlines the optimum utilization of waste materials in some construction activities using as a green concept, which ultimately reduces the environmental pollution and suits the economy of project. This study involves Industrial wastes which have major production throughout the world and have negative effect on environment because of their chemical properties. Industrial wastes in this study are Red mud, Petroleum coke and Recron with accelerating admixture. Red mud is a waste material generated by the Bayer Process widely used to produce alumina from bauxite throughout the world. In India more than 20 million tons of red mud is generated annually. The Indian aluminium sector is characterized by large integrated players like Hindalco and National Aluminium Company (Nalco, Alumina plant at Damanjodi, Orissa). However, its high alkalinity is a potential pollution to threat water, land and air. While high costs are associated with the large area of land required for storage of the residue. Currently, it is dumped on land or in the oceans near alumina refineries which creates a great environmental pollution. Red mud is highly caustic due to which it is a good binder material and can be used in concrete technology for construction practices with partial replacement with cement. Among the uses utilization of red mud for building materials production such as cement, bricks, roofing tiles and glass-ceramic is in practice. Fig.1 Red mud Yard Petroleum coke (abbreviated as Pet coke) is a solid by product from oil refineries. It is a carbonaceous solid delivered from Coker units or other cracking processes. It has over 90% carbon. As it has a higher energy content, it emits 30% to 80% more CO2 than coal per unit of weight, it also emits sulphur and vanadium contents during combustion which can be problematic. The annual consumption of pet coke in India is around 14.44 million tons, according to the latest statistics of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India. Pet coke can be used in concrete as a replacement of sand for acoustic application. The low density and high porosity properties of pet coke particles suggest that it may also have potential to improve the thermal insulating properties of concrete when added as fine aggregate. It can also be used as plastering, roof concreting, etc for light weight concreting. Fig. 2 Petroleum coke yard Recron is also called Polyester fiber. It acts as secondary reinforcement in concrete which increases resistance to impact and abrasion. It arrests cracks improves quality of construction in tanks, foundations, walls, roads, pre-cast products like pipes, blocks, tiles, manhole covers, asbestos sheets, cement based pre-cast products, etc. Role of Recron 3s is preventive in field of construction; it also controls reduction in water permeability, increase in flexibility, reduction in rebound loss, etc. Admixtures are the additive in concrete other than basic ingredients of concrete; they are added to the mix immediately before or during mixing. These admixtures are used primarily to reduce the cost of concrete construction, to achieve the strength, modify the properties of hardened concrete, to ensure good quality of concrete during transporting, placing, mixing curing and to overcome certain emergencies emerges during concrete operations. These can be added to concrete mix to produce high slump flowing concrete. High range super plasticizer was used in all the concrete mixes to achieve good workability. Super plasticizers are added to reduce the water requirement by 15 to 20% without affecting the workability leading to a high strength and dense concrete. To achieve the uniform workability, the admixture dosage was adjusted without changing the unit water content. By utilizing these wastes other researches has concluded that Red mud and pet coke are good replacement of cement and sand additives like Recron and Admixture helps in improving the properties of concrete. By using optimum amount of Industrial wastes in concrete we can reduce the construction cost and it is very much environmental friendly acheived made the previous researches are done on Red mud, pet coke, Recron and admixture separately by calculating physical tests like compressive strength and tensile strength test. 1.2 importance of study: In this study use of Red mud, Petroleum coke Recron with admixture has been used as a partial replacement of cement and sand in concrete. As Red mud and Petroleum coke both are the waste materials generated in large quantities from Industries they damaging environment from their chemical properties utilization of these materials are done. 1.3 Delimitation: In this study the use of Red mud and Petroleum coke (abbreviated as Pet coke) as a partial replacement of cement and sand is evaluated. Concrete used in the study is M25 with 2.4% of constant admixture in all the mix proportions used in study. 1.4 Objective of the study: To evaluate physical properties like Compressive strength, Tensile strength and Slump value of concrete prepared by partial replacement of Red mud and Pet coke in conjunction with Recron admixture. To find out an optimum percentage of replacement of Red mud and Pet coke along with addition of optimum percentage of Recron and fix % of admixture in M25 grade concrete. To estimate cost reduction by adopting Industrial wastes in designed mix concrete.

Killing Mr. Griffin, by Lois Duncan :: Killing Mr. Griffin Lois Duncan

I read the book Killing Mr. Griffin, by Lois Duncan. There was an English teacher, Mr. Griffin, which nobody liked. He was a tough teacher, and didn’t give anyone an A. Not even the smartest student, Susan McConnell. They disliked him so much that they wanted to try and scare him by kidnapping him. One day after school, Mark told his friends his idea of what to do to take care of Mr. Griffin. He decided that they should threaten to kill him so he would give them better grades but not actually kill him. After some convincing, all Mark’s friends agreed to his plan. Then they carried out their plan and got Mr. Griffin where they wanted him. They left him all alone and tied up in the mountains. Susan and David were worried about Mr. Griffin, so after a couple of hours they just went to check on him. But when they got there, they found and realized that Mr. Griffin was dead! They panicked, and didn’t know what to do. They went back and told the others. They all promised each other that they wouldn’t tell anyone what had happened. Now they had to cover up all the evidence that my lead to them. Mark was willing to do anything to do that! After a few days, Mr. Griffin’s disappearance was on the news. Of coarse, no one knew where Mr. Griffin really was, and what had actually happened to him. It was hard for them to keep it in. They all felt so bad, except for Mark. Mark was the leader of this plan, and he secretly did things to cover up evidence that his friends didn’t know about. Not at first anyway. He killed David’s, but Susan figured that out. He also tried to kill Susan because she was going to tell the police the whole story. She couldn’t stand keeping it in anymore. But after a while, people started putting things together and figured out what had really happened.

Genetically Modified Food

English 1010 11 November 2012 Genetically Modified Food Genetically modified foods (GMF) have foreign genes such as plants, animals and bacteria inserted into their genetic codes. Genetically modified organism is processed in a way that does not occur naturally. Combining genes from different organisms is known as recombinant DNA technology. There are alternative names for genetically modified foods, such as â€Å"genetically engineered,† â€Å"biotechnology,† â€Å"genetic modification,† or â€Å"transgenic. Genetically modified organisms allows scientist to speed up the process by moving desired genes from one plant into another, sometimes from an animal to a plant, for example they take a genetic material from a number of different sources from virus and bacteria and they insert it into the soybean plant, which herbicide usually kills the plant but because of the genetic modified organism it does not. Genetic modified food is dangerous because it greatly expa nds the scope for horizontal gene transfer and recombination; this process creates new viruses and bacteria that cause disease, epidemics, and trigger cancerous cells.Genetically modified foods are dangerous because it can cause harmful effects on human health (â€Å"What are Genetically Modified (GM) Foods GM Products: Benefits and Controversies†). Many foods in the United States contain genetically modified organism, such as corn, soy, sugar and aspartame. In most of the foods we eat today contain those ingredients and most people do not even realize that they are eating genetically modified food because labeling the food is not mandatory in most of the United States. Related article: Food SafetyThe reason scientist developed genetically modified organism is because they believe it will provide more nutritious food, tastier food, cheaper food supply, ability to farm in unfavorable climates, faster growing plants and animals, possibility of disease fighting foods, improving the lives of farmers and less pesticides used but there are many risk that cancel out the potential good of genetically modified organism, for example endocrine disruptors, organ damage, decreased fertility, increased allergies, and more pesticide resistance.However Europe is protesting against genetically modified foods since they were first created. Studies in Europe say â€Å"The science of taking genes from one species and inserting them into another was supposed to be a giant leap forward, but instead they pose a serious threat to biodiversity and our own health† (â€Å"What are Genetically Modified (GM) Foods GM Products: Benefits and Controversies,†). UK say s â€Å"The simple truth is, we do not need genetically modified technology in order to possess future food security.Using sustainable and organic farming methods will allow us to repair the damage done by industrial farming, reducing the excessive use of fertilizer, herbicides and other man-made chemicals, and making genetically modified crops redundant† (â€Å"Genetically Engineered Crops†). The United States does not realize that it is bad for you but Europe, UK, Japan, and Australia bans all genetically modified foods for their safety and health. In the United States the FDA does not require any safety test for genetically modified foods because they know majority of people will not buy genetically modified foods.European has been the most concerned with genetically modified foods, everyone one should be concerned about these important factors (Gardner). Genetically modified food has many dangerous effects on the world, for instance genetically modified foods actua lly lose nutritional content in the process of altering their genetic genes. Some genetically modified foods may contain higher levels of allergens and toxins, which can have negative outlook on the personal health of those who eat genetic foods.Viruses and bacteria are used in the process of modifying foods, which means that there is a possibility that they could cause the development of a new disease. Also genetically modified foods could potentially cause damage to other organisms in the ecosystems where they are grown. If these organisms are killed off, it leads to a loss of biodiversity in the environment (â€Å"What are Genetically Modified (GM) Foods GM Products: Benefits and Controversies,†).Animals and people have become seriously ill or died from genetically modified foods because bacteria have been inserted into our food and our bodies cannot fight off these diseases. Even our environment has been damaged because gene pollution cannot be cleaned up, once geneticall y modified organisms, such as bacteria and viruses are released into the air it is difficult to recall or contain them. Toxins have also been the cause of killing people and animals by one or more extremely poisonous substances that unexpectedly appeared in this food supplement. Single genes should not be transferred to a foreign nvironment; their effects are unknown and therefore cause unknown harmful effects to the human health: â€Å"The reason that genetically engineered food could be dangerous is because there has been no adequate testing to ensure that extracting genes that perform an apparently useful function as part of that plant or animal is going to have the same effects if inserted into a totally unrelated species. A number of studies over the past decade have revealed that genetically engineered foods can pose serious risks to humans, domesticated animals, wildlife and the environment.Human health effects can include higher risks of toxicity, allergenicity, antibiotic resistance, immune-suppression and cancer. As for environmental impacts, the use of genetic engineering in agriculture will lead to uncontrolled biological pollution, threatening numerous microbial, plant and animal species with extinction, and the potential contamination of all non-genetically engineered life forms with novel and possibly hazardous genetic material† (â€Å"Genetically Engineered Crops†).Monsanto is an agricultural company that first produced genetically modified foods. Monsanto is not worried about health of others; there main concern is the business. They hear of many lives being in danger from genetically modified food but they are not concerned with this because they are making money. There is no long-term safety testing for genetically modified food. Genetic engineering uses material from organisms that have never been part of the human food supply to change the fundamental nature of the food we eat.Without long-term testing no one knows if these f oods are safe. . They say, â€Å"There is no need for, or value in testing the safety of GM foods in humans† (Wilcox). Genetically modified foods are bad for everyone because it can cause harm to humans, animals and the environment. Genetically modified food should be tested, and labeled so humans have the choice to purchase the food items or keep away from them.The main reason the United States has not banned genetically modified food is simply because most people do not even know what foods contain these harmful ingredients. If the FDA made a law that genetically modified foods are to be labeled many families would chose not to eat those foods because of the dangers it causes to the world. Work Cited Wilcox, Christine. â€Å"The very real dangers of genetically modified foods. †. The Atlantic, 9 2012. Web. 12 Nov 2012. Genetically Engineered Crops. Center for food safety, 5 2012.Web. 12 Nov 2012. â€Å"Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms. † What are Genet ically Modified (GM) FoodsGM Products: Benefits and Controversies. U. S. Department of Energy Genome Programs, 17 2012. Web. 12 Nov 2012. Gardner, Richard. â€Å"Pros and Cons of GM Foods. † Arguments for GM Foods, Arguments Against GM Foods. N. p. , 30 2012. Web. 12 Nov 2012. Villano, Caren. â€Å"Genetically Modified Foods. † What are genetically modified foods, Advantages, Types of genetically modified crops. N. p. , n. d. Web. 12

Native Son essays

Native Son essays During the 1930s few Americans (whites in particular) were unaware of the side effects of racism on the black population in America. The constant barrage of racist propaganda and racial oppression that blacks like Bigger Thomas faced while growing up inexorably damaged them psychologically. In Biggers case, he saw whites as wealthy and sophisticated beings while he and his poverty stricken family lived in a small, cramped apartment, with little possibility for education. Movies he saw rendered whites as civilized and prosperous people while blacks were depicted as jungle savages. This same wave of racism was not only detrimental to blacks, but whites as well in that it prevented them from realizing the inherent element of humanity within those groups that they oppressed. Most whites fell to racism and the sense of superiority that misled them to seeing blacks as sublevel humans. Throughout Native Son, Richard Wright presents to the reader not only the social but also the psycho logical effects of racism on both the oppressed and the oppressor. The blacks basic thoughts, at this point, were substantially flawed and damaged. Persistent pressure from the oppressors racism forced blacks into a pressured and dangerous state of mind. Blacks were plagued with the hardship of economic oppression and forced to act obsequiously towards their white oppressors. As a result of their living conditions, Biggers attitude toward whites becomes a combination of both anger and fear. Instead of seeing whites as people, Bigger conceives them as an overpowering and antagonistic force that he must push against in fear of his life. Accordingly, Bigger does not distinguish between individual whites; to him they are all the same, frightening and conniving. This fear, anger, and perception of the white population cause Bigger to feel absolutely no guilt after the accidental killing of Mary Dalton. In fact, Bigger ...

Free Essays on Farming In 1900s

Essay: Farming Question: What were the Farmer’s problems in the latter part of the 19th century? How did they respond to their problems were they successful? The late nineteenth century was a time of drastic change in the United States. The country was growing at an unprecedented rate, and the Industrial Revolution was sweeping the nation. This industrial revolution not only affected those working in the newly founded industries and those in the cities, but the revolution impacted the farmers as well. American farmers were, as a whole, dissatisfied with their state of affairs, and began an agrarian movement. The farmers' grievances were multifaceted, and generally had merit, though allegations of an organized conspiracy to thwart the farmers were unfounded. Further, the discontent of the farmers was displayed in the formation of an organized political movement, which never before existed to such a degree. Hence the period between 1880 and 1900 was a boom time for American politics. The country was for once free of the threat of war, and many of its citizens were living comfortably. However, as these two decades went by, the American farmer found it harder and harder to live comfortably. Crops such as cotton and wheat, once the bulwark of agriculture, were selling at prices so low that it was nearly impossible for farmers to make a profit off them. Furthermore, improvement in transportation allowed foreign competition to materialize, making it harder for American farmers to dispose of surplus crop. Finally, years of drought in the Midwest and the downward spiral of business in the 1890’s devastated many of the nation’s farmers. As a result of the agricultural depression, many farm groups, most notably the Populist Party arose to fight what farmers saw as the reasons for the decline in agriculture. During the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, many farmers in t he United States saw monopolies and trusts, railroad... Free Essays on Farming In 1900's Free Essays on Farming In 1900's Essay: Farming Question: What were the Farmer’s problems in the latter part of the 19th century? How did they respond to their problems were they successful? The late nineteenth century was a time of drastic change in the United States. The country was growing at an unprecedented rate, and the Industrial Revolution was sweeping the nation. This industrial revolution not only affected those working in the newly founded industries and those in the cities, but the revolution impacted the farmers as well. American farmers were, as a whole, dissatisfied with their state of affairs, and began an agrarian movement. The farmers' grievances were multifaceted, and generally had merit, though allegations of an organized conspiracy to thwart the farmers were unfounded. Further, the discontent of the farmers was displayed in the formation of an organized political movement, which never before existed to such a degree. Hence the period between 1880 and 1900 was a boom time for American politics. The country was for once free of the threat of war, and many of its citizens were living comfortably. However, as these two decades went by, the American farmer found it harder and harder to live comfortably. Crops such as cotton and wheat, once the bulwark of agriculture, were selling at prices so low that it was nearly impossible for farmers to make a profit off them. Furthermore, improvement in transportation allowed foreign competition to materialize, making it harder for American farmers to dispose of surplus crop. Finally, years of drought in the Midwest and the downward spiral of business in the 1890’s devastated many of the nation’s farmers. As a result of the agricultural depression, many farm groups, most notably the Populist Party arose to fight what farmers saw as the reasons for the decline in agriculture. During the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, many farmers in t he United States saw monopolies and trusts, railroad...

Procurement and Supply Function in the Organisation Assignment - 4

Procurement and Supply Function in the Organisation - Assignment Example To improve the profile of the function in organisations, various strategies can be employed. These include partnering with other organisations, fostering achievement of an optimal operating model, prioritisation of supply chain risks, moving beyond cost savings and incorporating systems and technology. As regards, partnerships, it is important that the organisation engage early with the stakeholders. Early engagement with the stakeholders should be done in the planning stage to avoid to be effective. There is also a need for the organisation to establish policies and procedures to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in the implementation of procurement and supply (Government Procurement Development Group, 2010, p.1). The policies help in ensuring that the procurement procedures are accountable, editable, ethical, legal, economically effective and social and environmentally responsible. Procurement describes the process of purchasing goods and services. In practice, it involves the preparation and the processing of a demand of a commodity until the end receipts and approval of the payment for the goods and services. There is a variety of activities involved in the process. These include purchase planning, determination of standards, analysis of value, development of specifications, negotiation of prices, control of the stores and inventory, financing, administration of the supply contract and disposals (Government Procurement Development Group, 2010, p.1). Procurement and supply function in an organisation determines if the operations of the company will continue and as such it should be done in a way that creates savings or efficiencies and other sources of added value. Capital reduction is an opportunity of creating savings and increasing efficiency in procurement.

Methods Used For Magnesium Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Methods Used For Magnesium - Essay Example Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal, belongs to the second group of s-block of the periodic table and is on the left side of the table. Magnesium is represented by â€Å"Mg† and has an atomic number of 12. The atomic weight of magnesium is 24.3050(6) and atomic volume of 14.0 cm3/mol. The electronic configuration is s2 2s2 2p6 3s2. Generally exhibits Hexagonal Close-packed lattice structure. The lattice dimensions of Magnesium at 25?C are Side length=0.32092 nm Height=0.52105 nm. At room temperature, actual c/a ratio reaches 1.6236 where magnesium becomes almost closely packed (Magnesium, 2000). It contains two electrons in the outer shell and being loses them in order to form a positive ion in the closed shell such as Mg+2. The energy level of magnesium is 3 as First energy level 2 Second energy level 8 Third energy level 2 Figure 1: Electronic configuration of magnesium Magnesium is silvery white or greyish, lightweight and strong metal. It is highly flammable metal and tar nished when in contact with air; therefore, it develops a thin layer of oxide. Magnesium is abundantly present in both earth crust and seawater due to its high solubility. However, magnesium is not present as free metal because of its reactive property (Gupta & Sharon, 2011). Magnesium has density of 1.738 g.cm-3 at 20?C. The melting point of Mg is 650?C and its boiling point is 1107?C. It has a heat of fusion of 8.48 kJ ·mol?1 and its heat of vaporization is 128 kJ ·mol?1, whilst its molar heat capacity is 24.869 J ·mol?1 ·K?1. Magnesium is a strongly basic oxidant. Other atomic properties of Mg include its electronegativity of 1.31 (Pauling Scale), the atomic radius of 160 pm, and covalent radius of 141 ±7 pm (Magnesium Facts, 2012). Moreover, magnesium is paramagnetic is nature and its other mechanical properties include Young’s Modulus of 45GPa, Shear Modulus of 17GPa and Bulk Modulus of 45GPa. The hardness value of Magnesium is 260MPa based on Brinell Scale. Th e oxidation number of magnesium is +2 and is been found in a number of compounds. Magnesium Oxide, also called magnesia, is the second most abundant metallic oxide in the earth after Aluminium Oxide. Other forms of magnesium in the compound state include hydrated magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O), also called Epsom Salt. Magnesium compounds also include Magnesium Carbonate and Magnesium Fluoride (Willett, 2007). Dolomite, magnesite, brucite, carnallite, talc, and olivine are the main commercial sources of magnesium. Due to the presence of Mg+2 ions, seawater is considered another major source of magnesium. Magnesium hydroxide precipitates can be formed by adding calcium hydroxide in seawater for obtaining magnesium (Avedesian & Baker, 1999). MgCl2 + Ca(OH)2 > Mg(OH)2 + CaCl2 Brucite is insoluble in water and can be transformed into magnesium chloride when reacts with hydrochloric acid. Magnesium, then, can be extracted from magnesium chloride by the electrolysis process. Mg (OH)2 + 2 H Cl > MgCl2 + 2 H2O In electrolysis process, Mg+2 ion is transformed into magnesium metal by adding two electrons at the cathode while chlorine ions are oxidized to chlorine gas by releasing two electrons at the anode. Mg2+ + 2 e- > Mg (Cathode Reaction) 2 Cl? > Cl2 (g) + 2 e- (Anode Reaction) Magnesium has three isotopes (e.g. 24Mg, 25Mg and 26Mg) available in significant amounts with 24Mg comprising 79% of total magnesium. 28Mg is radioactive in nature; however, its usage in the nuclear industry has been limited due to its short life (21 hours).